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The Pinnawala Elephant Orphanage, located in Sri Lanka’s Sabaragamuwa Province, was established in 1975 by the Department of Wildlife Conservation to provide care and shelter for orphaned, injured, and abandoned elephants. Initially started with just a few elephants, the orphanage has since grown into one of the world’s largest captive elephant sanctuaries.
Originally, the orphanage was located at the Wilpattu National Park, then moved to the Dehiwala Zoo, and finally settled in Pinnawala due to the area’s natural environment, which is ideal for elephants. Today, it plays a vital role in elephant conservation, breeding, and rehabilitation.
Early Beginnings (1972 – 1975)
Before the orphanage was established, many orphaned elephant calves were found wandering alone in forests, struggling to survive without their herds. Recognizing the need for a dedicated sanctuary, Sri Lanka’s wildlife authorities initially housed them at the Wilpattu National Park and later at the Dehiwala Zoo. However, these locations were not ideal due to limited space and resources.
Founding of the Orphanage (1975)
In 1975, the orphanage was officially moved to Pinnawala, a small village near Kegalle, due to its lush natural environment and access to the Maha Oya River. It started with just five orphaned elephants and gradually expanded, becoming a world-renowned elephant conservation center.
Growth and Conservation Efforts (1980s – Present)
1982 – A captive breeding program was introduced, making Pinnawala one of the few places in the world where elephants breed successfully in captivity. The first baby elephant, “Sama,” was born in 1984.
1990s – The orphanage gained international attention, drawing tourists and researchers from around the world.
2000s – Present – The facility continued expanding, with over 75 elephants today, including several generations of elephants born within the sanctuary.
Significance & Impact
It is the largest orphanage in the world dedicated to captive elephants.
Helps in the rescue, treatment, and rehabilitation of elephants affected by poaching, deforestation, and human-elephant conflicts.
Provides educational programs to raise awareness about elephant conservation and their role in Sri Lankan culture.
The daily bathing ritual in the Maha Oya River has become an iconic attraction, symbolizing the harmony between nature and wildlife conservation.
Today, the Pinnawala Elephant Orphanage stands as a testament to Sri Lanka’s commitment to elephant conservation, playing a vital role in protecting and nurturing one of the country’s most beloved animals.
Elephant Feeding Sessions – Watch baby elephants being bottle-fed. (9:00 AM & 1:00 PM)
Elephant Bathing in Maha Oya River – See elephants enjoy their daily river bath. (10:00 AM & 2:00 PM)
Largest Herd of Captive Elephants – Home to over 75 elephants, including calves.
Elephant Walks & Open Space Areas – Observe elephants roaming freely in a semi-natural habitat.
Breeding Program & Baby Elephants – One of the world’s most successful elephant breeding centers.
Educational & Conservation Programs – Learn about elephant conservation and protection efforts.
Pinnawala Open Zoo – Visit the nearby zoo featuring other wildlife species.
Elephant Interaction & Photography – Capture memorable moments with elephants in an ethical setting.
Scenic Surroundings & Nature Views – Enjoy the lush greenery and tranquil atmosphere.
Souvenir Shops & Local Handicrafts – Buy elephant-themed gifts and support local artisans.
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